UBeth uthi: “Ngabanjwa i-anemia ngisakhula. Ngasengihlala ngimdambiyana, amathambo ami ebuhlungu njalo ngiphangisa ukudinwa. Kwasekunzima ukufaka ingqondo yami kuloba yini engangiyenza okwesikhathi eside. Udokotela wanginika amaphilisi okungezelela igazi wangitshela lokuthi ngidle ukudla okungezelela igazi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaba ngcono.”

 Umkhuhlane lo owahlasela uBeth usujayelekile lezinsuku. Inhlanganiso ebona ngezempilakahle okuthiwa yi-World Health Organization (WHO) ithi emhlabeni wonke, abantu abangaba yi-2 bhiliyoni balomkhuhlane we-anemia. Emazweni asathuthuka kucatshangelwa ukuthi omama abazithweleyo abangaba yi-50 phesenti balomkhuhlane lo kuthi i-40 phesenti yabantwana abangakayi esikolo labo balawo.

 I-anemia iyingozi ngoba ingacina isibangela eminye imikhuhlane emzimbeni. Kwesinye isikhathi icina ibangela umkhuhlane wenhliziyo. Inhlanganiso ye-WHO iphinda ithi kwezinye indawo omama abazithweleyo abangaba yi-20 phesenti bayafa ngomkhuhlane lo. I-anemia ejayelekileyo ebangelwa yikusilela kwe-iron emzimbeni yenza omama abalayo babelethe isikhathi singakafiki njalo labantwana bakhona bayabe bebancane kakhulu. Abantwana abale-anemia bayaphuza ukukhula njalo kulula ukuthi babanjwe yimikhuhlane. Kodwa ungenelisa ukuzivikela emkhuhlaneni lo we-anemia futhi okuhle yikuthi uyelapheka. a

Kuyini I-Anemia?

 I-anemia yikusilela kwama-red cells egazini. Lokhu kubangelwa yizizathu ezitshiyeneyo. Abezesayensi bathole ukuthi kulemihlobo etshiyeneyo ye-anemia engafika 400. Eminye imihlobo ihlasela umuntu okwempilo yakhe yonke, eminye kayinanzeleleki ikanti eminye ingaba yingozi sibili.

Kuyini Okubangela I-Anemia?

 Ingabangelwa yizinto lezi ezintathu:

•   Ukulahlekelwa ligazi okwenza umuntu asale eselama-red cells amalutshwana.

•   Ukwehluleka komzimba ukubumba ama-red cells asebenza kuhle kumbe eneleyo.

•   Umzimba uyabe ubulala ama-red cells.

 I-anemia ebangelwa yikusilela kwe-iron emzimbeni yiyo ejayelekileyo ukwedlula eminye imihlobo. Nxa umzimba ungela iron eyeneleyo, kawenelisi ukwenza i-hemoglobin etholakala kuma-red cells eyiyo enceda ukuthi ama-cells la enelise ukuthwala i-oxygen.

Ungabona Njani Ukuthi Usule-Anemia Ebangelwa Yikusilela Kwe-Iron Emzimbeni?

 Nxa iqalisa i-anemia awungeke unanzelele ukuthi usulayo. Lanxa okungenzakala ebantwini kutshiyene, umuntu olayo ubonakala ngalokhu:

•   Ukuhlala engodiniweyo

•   Izandla lenyawo eziqandayo

•   Ukuphela amandla

•   Ijwabu elingahlambulukanga

•   Ukuhlala utshaywa likhanda lokuba lesiyezi

•   Isifuba esibuhlungu, inhliziyo etshaya kakhulu lokuphela umoya

•   Inzipho ezingaqinanga

•   Ukungafuni ukudla ikakhulu ebantwaneni abancane

•   Ukuzwa ufuna ukuqhoba ama-ayizi, ukudla izinto ezile-starch kanye lokudla inhlabathi

Ngobani Abasengozini Yokuhlaselwa Yi-Anemia?

 Omama bajayele ukuhlaselwa yi-anemia ebangelwa yikusilela kwe-iron ngoba bayalahlekelwa ligazi nxa besesikhathini. Abazithweleyo labo ungabahlasela umkhuhlane lo nxa ukudla abakudlayo kungela-vitamin B.

 Abantwana abancane abazelwe isikhathi singakafiki kumbe abazalwa belomzimba omncane kakhulu futhi abangatholi i-iron eyeneleyo ekumunyeni kwabo kumbe kolunye nje uchago abalunathayo.

 Abantwana abangadli ukudla okutshiyeneyo okwakha umzimba.

 Abangadli inyama okwenza ukuthi bangatholi i-iron enengi emzimbeni.

 Abahlala begula njengalabo abalemikhuhlane yegazi, imvukuzane, ababulawa yizinso, abalezilonda esiswini, leminye imikhuhlane.

Yelatshwa Njani I-Anemia?

 Kayisiyo yonke imihlobo ye-anemia ongazivikela kuyo kumbe engayelatshwa. Kodwa ungenelisa ukuzivikela kumbe ukwelatshwa nxa uhlaselwe yileyo ebangelwa yikusilela kwe-iron loba ama-vitamin. Ungakwenza ngokudla ukudla okwakha umzimba okulezinto ezilandelayo:

 I-iron. Itholakala enyameni, ebhinzini, lasemibhideni. b Okunye ongakwenza yikupheka ngembiza ezenziwe nge-iron ezinjengamabhodo ngoba abachwayisisayo bathi zingezelela i-iron ekudleni.

 I-folate. Itholakala ezithelweni, emibhideni, i-peas eziluhlaza, ibhinzi, itshizi, amaqanda, inhlanzi, lamazambane. Iyatholakala lasekudleni okungezelelwe ama-vitamin okugoqela isinkwa, ama-cereal, i-pasta le rayisi. Nxa i-folate ilungiswe ngamakhemikhali ithiwa yi-folic acid.

 I-vitamin B-12. Itholakala enyameni, ekudleni okwenziwe ngochago, okungezelelwe ama-vitamin kanye lasekudleni okwenziwe nge-soya beans.

 I-vitamin C. Itholakala ezithelweni ezinjengamalemoni lama-orange, ibilebile loba i-pepper, i-broccoli, amatamatisi, amakhabe lamajodo kuhlanganise lama-strawberry. Ukudla okule-vitamin C kwenza kube lula ukuthi i-iron ingene emithanjeni.

 Ukudla kuyatshiyana kusiya ngendawo yikho dingisisa ukuthi lapho ohlala khona yikuphi ukudla okulezinto eziqanjwe phezulu. Lokhu kuqakathekile nxa ungowesifazane ikakhulu nxa uzithwele loba uhlela ukuzithwala. Nxa unganakekela impilakahle yakho ungabeletha umntwana ongelawo umkhuhlane we-anemia. c